Fig. 2: Putative de-SAMPylation enzymes and gene expression data.

A Human AMSH deubiquitinase (PDB 2znr) and Borg deSAMPylase (Orange 866) colored by AlphaFold2 pLDDT confidence (blue is high confidence). The inset shows the conservation of the Borg protein active site based on a multiple sequence alignment of Borg proteins and the residues expected for Zn metalloproteases (Zn localization to the active site is well supported: ipTM: 0.97, PTM: 0.89). B AlphaFold3 predictions for cMp, and Orange Borg putative deSAMPylasess (surface representation from left to right: cMp 650, Orange 478, 878 and 883) bound to Methanoperedens SAMP (cartoon) illustrating structural variability. Models are colored by sequence confidence (pLDDT), and the ipTM scores for the five models for each protein range from 0.81 ± 0.02 to 0.89 ± 0.01 (Supplementary Data 10). C Metatranscriptomic read counts (from a published nanopore dataset;10) for Black Borg de-SAMPylases in five soil samples and the subfamily affiliations of each protein. Expression was detected for up to 21 of the 24 proteins. The gene numbers reveal that these multicopy proteins are often encoded in close proximity.