Fig. 2: Percentage changes in fat mass and body mass for each participant.

Note: CON control group, EX aerobic exercise group, flexTRE flexible time-restricted eating group, flexTRE+EX flexible time-restricted eating combined with aerobic exercise group. The upper four charts display the percentage changes in fat mass for individual participants in the flexTRE, EX, flexTRE+EX, and CON groups after the 12-week intervention. Each data point represents the raw fat mass change for a single participant. The lower four charts illustrate the percentage changes in body mass for the same groups over the 12-week intervention. A red line is included in the lower charts to indicate a 5% body mass reduction, which represents the threshold for a minimally clinically important difference. The raw data could be found in source data file.