Fig. 4: Main effect of pain.
From: Controllability changes pain perception by increasing the precision of expectations
Contrast image displays parametric effects of perceived painfulness. Stimulus onsets were modulated with z-scored pain ratings. The region with highest increase related to perceived painfulness is the central operculum. For display purposes, we extracted the parameter estimates from a model with separate regressors for low, medium and highly painful stimulation. Box plots show the estimates derived from the peak voxel of the parametric contrast (central operculum: [36, 8, 9]). Boxes show the 25th and 75th percentile around the median line, whiskers extend to ± 1.5 × IQR, outliers are shown as small black points. Points show the beta estimates for each individual subject. The estimates result from first-level analyses of n = 55 participants.
