Fig. 1: Comparison between a conventional (spatial) photonic crystal and a photonic time crystal. | Nature Communications

Fig. 1: Comparison between a conventional (spatial) photonic crystal and a photonic time crystal.

From: Observation of wave amplification and temporal topological state in a non-synthetic photonic time crystal

Fig. 1: Comparison between a conventional (spatial) photonic crystal and a photonic time crystal.

a Energy bandgap in a spatial photonic crystal. b Spatial topological edge state in a 1D spatial topological domain wall. The energy is localized in space while extended in the time domain. c (brown) Transmission spectrum of a spatial topological domain wall in (b), where the transmission peak in the bandgap corresponds to the topological edge state. (gray) Transmission spectrum of a pure spatial photonic crystal, in the whole bandgap frequency range most of the energy is reflected back. d k gap in a photonic time crystal. e Temporal topological edge state in a temporal topological domain wall structure. The total energy is localized in time while extended in space. f (brown) Transmission spectrum of the temporal topological domain-wall structure in (e) shows a pronounced dip to zero at the mid-gap edge state. (gray) Transmission spectrum of a single photonic time crystal, where the transmitted energy is amplified in the whole k gap.

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