Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of the participants at baseline (stratified by treatment arm)

From: Single versus combination treatment in tinnitus: an international, multicentre, parallel-arm, superiority, randomised controlled trial

Characteristics

CBT

(n = 56)

HA

(n = 59)

SC

(n = 56)

ST

(n = 59)

CBT + HA

(n = 17)

CBT + SC

(n = 51)

CBT + ST

(n = 54)

HA + SC

(n = 19)

HA + ST

(n = 27)

SC + ST

(n = 63)

Overall

(N = 461)

Demographic characteristics

Sex

           
 

Male (%)

34 (60.7%)

36 (61.0%)

39 (69.6%)

32 (54.2%)

12 (70.6%)

27 (52.9%)

33 (61.1%)

12 (63.2%)

18 (66.7%)

28 (44.4%)

271 (58.8%)

 

Female (%)

22 (39.3%)

23 (39.0%)

17 (30.4%)

27 (45.8%)

5 (29.4%)

24 (47.1%)

21 (38.9%)

7 (36.8%)

9 (33.3%)

35 (55.6%)

190 (41.2%)

Age (years)

48.8

±12.3

53.4

±11.7

49.8

±13.1

50.3

±14.0

56.0

±10.4

54.0

±12.0

46.4

±12.9

51.6

±14.0

55.0

±11.2

51.2

±9.8

51.1

±12.4

PHQ-9 total score

7.3

±4.9

7.3

±4.8

7.2

±4.5

8.5

±5.2

5.8

±4.6

6.8

±4.3

7.9

±5.0

6.8

±3.2

7.0

±5.6

7.0

±5.5

7.3

±4.9

Tinnitus characteristics

Tinnitus duration (in months)

119

±127

126

±100

85

±77

115

±114

101

±111

154

±140

110

±99

159

±144

124

±108

119

±116

119

±113

Hearing aid indication (%)

19 (33.9%)

59 (100%)

19 (33.9%)

20 (33.9%)

17 (100%)

18 (35.3%)

17 (31.5%)

19 (100%)

27 (100%)

19 (30.2%)

234 (50.8%)

THI total score

47.8

±20.3

48.8

±19.2

48.6

±20.6

48.7

±18.1

42.2

±18.9

45.5

±18.9

48.0

±19.3

52.2

±21.9

50.1

±20.1

47.2

±20.9

48.0

±19.7

TFI total score

47.8

±21.4

50.6

±18.8

48.5

±20.7

50.9

±18.1

46.1

±18.9

42.9

±18.8

47.4

±22.7

51.7

±21.3

54.5

±21.4

48.1

±20.9

48.6

±20.3

Mini-TQ total score

11.4

±5.2

12.2

±4.6

11.8

±5.4

12.5

±5.0

10.7

±4.0

11.2

±5.0

12.3

±4.6

11.9

±5.2

12.3

±6.0

12.0

±5.2

11.9

±5.0

NRS-tinnitus loudness

6.2

±2.1

6.7

±1.7

6.4

±2.4

6.3

±2.1

6.3

±2.7

6.0

±2.6

6.2

±2.6

6.4

±2.3

7.2

±1.6

6.3

±2.2

6.4

±2.2

  1. Data are n (%) or mean ± SD. PHQ-9 scores range from 0 to 27, with higher scores indicating greater severity of depression. The definition for hearing aid indication is given in Table S37. THI scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating greater severity of tinnitus. TFI scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating greater severity of tinnitus. Mini-TQ scores range from 0 to 24, with higher scores indicating greater severity of tinnitus. NRS-tinnitus loudness scores range from 0 to 10, with higher scores indicating greater loudness of tinnitus.
  2. CBT cognitive-behavioural therapy, HA hearing aids, PHQ-9 Patient Health Questionnaire for Depression, SC app-based structured counselling, ST app-based sound therapy, TFI Tinnitus Functional Index, THI Tinnitus Handicap Inventory, TQ Tinnitus Questionnaire, NRS Numeric Rating Scale.
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