Fig. 3: Molecular crystallinity and film morphology.

a Evolution of the absorption peak position and intensity of L8-BO extracted from 2D time-resolved in-situ absorption spectra under various processing conditions. b Stage Ⅱ times extracted from the time-resolved in-situ absorption spectra. c Coherence crystal length (CCL) calculated from GIWAXS and domain sizes of donor and acceptor phases obtained from GISAXS. d Domain sizes of acceptor phases (2Rg) and intermixed phases (φ) determined from GTSAXS. e Component distribution profiles at different depths within the photoactive layers. f Schematic illustration of the vertical phase separation in various photoactive layers. (Red fibers represent polymer donor D18, and blue fibers indicate the acceptor L8-BO).