Fig. 2: Ensemble-averaged degree distribution of the C-particle networks in DEM simulations. | Nature Communications

Fig. 2: Ensemble-averaged degree distribution of the C-particle networks in DEM simulations.

From: Percolation transition in entangled granular networks

Fig. 2

a Network representation of the lifted clusters for θ = 20° at t = 82 s. The size and color of a node indicate its connectivity, i.e., degree k. Node positions are set by a force-directed layout for visual clarity and do not reflect actual spatial coordinates. Isolated dots represent disconnected single C-particles. Degree distribution P(k) of the C-particle network (θ = 46°, N = 4000) before (b) and after (c) lifting at various t. Each P(k) closely follows the Poisson distribution in Eq. (1) with the same mean degree 〈k〉 (curves). d Mean degree 〈k〉 (t) is higher for in-container networks (filled markers) than for lifted networks (empty markers). Both can be well fitted by Eq. (2) (curves). Standard errors are smaller than the marker size. More data are in Supplementary Fig. 2, 3.

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