Fig. 3: Ultrafast dynamic of MG.

a Transient reflection spectral map of the sample. b Kinetics at 750 nm, 630 nm, and 560 nm. The dots and solid lines represent the experimentally measured kinetic data and the fitted kinetic curve, respectively. c SHINE-FSRS spectra of the sample, obtained with 640 nm Raman pump and 400 nm actinic pump. The spectrum represents the normalized difference between the data collected with and without the actinic pulse. The dashed lines highlight the peak positions that exhibit notable spectral changes. d Kinetics at 1250 cm^–1, 1400 cm^–1, and 1440 cm^–1. The dots: the experimentally measured data. The solid lines: the fitted data. e Schematic illustration of the potential energy surfaces of MG at different states and the lowest energy configuration of each state.