Fig. 2: Controllability and mechanism of EDP.
From: Evaporation-driven generic, high-throughput and roll-to-roll printing of nanomaterials
a Process evolution of EDP on a dense substrate using fluorescent polystyrene spheres as a sensitive indicator. b Process evolution of EDP on a porous substrate using fluorescent polystyrene spheres as a sensitive indicator. Compared with dense substrates, porous substrates can work for EDP due to the presence of evaporation. c Spatial controllability of EDP by regulating the evaporation area. d Relationship between the thickness of EDP-enabled films and evaporation flux. e Relationship between the thickness of EDP-enabled films and nanomaterial concentrations. Data presented as mean ± SD, n = 3. f Coverage of nanoparticles on substrate membranes with different pore sizes.
