Fig. 3: Reciprocal frame(RF) prototype morphological adaptability.
From: Reciprocal frame design for large-scale timber construction

a Curvature adaptability of the RF configuration. considering a typical node-prototype in the traditional configuration as an example. The curvature is maximized when the component in the vertical system is tangent to components in the adjacent first and second systems, and is minimized when the gap between the first and second systems completely disappears. b The global forms within the adaptable curvature range exemplified by a regular shell surface. c Morphological adaptability of the RF configuration. The configuration can adapt to various surface morphologies, such as shell surfaces, paraboloid surfaces, and free-form surfaces (variations in positive and negative curvature), based on flexible configurations of node-level formations.