Fig. 1: Bioinspired fabrication of PANa-PAM composite polymer hydrogel fibers with spider-silk like hierarchical architectures and properties. | Nature Communications

Fig. 1: Bioinspired fabrication of PANa-PAM composite polymer hydrogel fibers with spider-silk like hierarchical architectures and properties.

From: Controlled microphase separation and strain programming in hydrogel fibers toward biomimetic architectures and properties

Fig. 1: Bioinspired fabrication of PANa-PAM composite polymer hydrogel fibers with spider-silk like hierarchical architectures and properties.

a Schematic illustration of the hierarchical structures of natural spider silk and (b) the bioinspired approach of wet-spinning combined with post-drawing that fabricate PANa-PAM hydrogel fibers via controlled microphase separation and strain programming. This process enables the fabrication of tough and strong fibers that exhibit a hierarchical structure resembling spider silk, including aligned microscale fibrils, hydrogen-bonded nanoclusters, and β-sheet-like crystallites analogous to those found in natural silk protein materials. c Scalable tough yet strong composite hydrogel fibers permitting complex knotting and direct sewing. d Properties comparison of our composite hydrogel fiber with spider silk10,11 and reported biomimetic fibers including the i-EASY yarn4, prestretched P2 fiber10, PR:CNC-DNF fiber18, PDMAEA-Q/PMAA fiber20, SOS fiber (5×)22, SPCH fiber24, PAA-VSNP-Zn2+ fiber30, regenerated silk fiber37, and fc-DN38.

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