Fig. 3: Morphology and surface roughness of the LDGC after immersing in acidic artificial saliva.

SEM images of the LDGC surfaces of the four treatment groups in artificial saliva with different pH values a UP. CAD, b IPS e.max CAD, the insets of (a, b) are magnified SEM micrographs of the local area of the main panels. Surface roughness of different samples after solution immersion c UP. CAD, d IPS e.max CAD. Data are presented as mean ± s.d. of n = 3 biological replicates. Error bars represent s.d. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.