Fig. 6: Conversion of Pd-acetate species into Pd and PdCx nanoparticles.
From: Dynamic behavior of molecular Pd-acetate trimers and dimers in heterogeneous vinyl acetate synthesis
a Schematic showing the complete reduction of Pdn(OAc)2n species on KOAc-free heterogeneous VAM catalysts under reaction conditions, forming large monometallic Pd and PdCx nanoparticles, which are minimally active and selective for VAM. b Schematic showing the partial reduction of KnPd2(OAc)n+4 species on KOAc-promoted heterogeneous VAM catalysts under reaction conditions, forming small monometallic Pd and PdCx nanoparticles which are highly active and selective for VAM. Pd, K, and C atoms in (a and b) are represented by black, purple, and red spheres, respectively. c Proposed redox cycle involving molecular Pd-acetate species on heterogeneous VAM catalysts.
