Fig. 4: Vaspin suppresses adrenergic activation and lipolysis of white adipose tissue in mice and humans.

A–E Rectal body temperature (A), thermal images from BAT (B), BAT surface (C) and tail surface (D) temperatures, as well as blood glucose levels (E) in VasTg and WT during a fasting-refeeding cycle (A): n = 8/9, C, D: n = 4/4). F–I Western blot analysis (F, H) and quantification (G, I) of basal and CL-induced PKA-activation in differentiated primary iWAT (F, G) and eWAT (H, I) adipocytes from VasTg and WT mice. J Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA, using KEGG pathways) of genes correlating with SERPINA12 in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT). The top 10 enriched pathways for positively and negatively correlating genes are shown sorted by adj. p and set size (please see “Methods” section). K Overlay images of immunofluorescence microscopy images of human mature SAT adipocytes from one patient stained for LRP1 (green) and treated with TAMRA-labeled vaspin (red). L Brightfield images of differentiated SAT SVF-derived human adipocytes from four different patients. M Basal and ISO-induced free fatty acid release in vaspin treated (0.5 µg/ml) differentiated SAT SVF-derived human adipocytes from four patients (n = 9-10 per condition and patient, please see source data file). N, O Western blot analysis (I) and quantification (J) of basal and ISO-induced PKA-activation of differentiated SAT SVF-derived human adipocytes. Data are presented as mean ± SEM of at least two (independent experiments (G, I) or from one the four patients analyzed (O). Statistical significance was evaluated by two-way ANOVA with Šídák’s (A–D) or Tukey’s (G, I) post-hoc test or uncorrected Fischer’s LSD (E, M), or one-way ANOVA with uncorrected Fischer’s LSD (O). *p value < 0.05, **p value < 0.01, ***p value < 0.001. Scale bar: 50 µm.