Fig. 1: Cross-linking of RBC CD44 promotes Plasmodium falciparum invasion.
From: CD44 cross-linking promotes Plasmodium falciparum invasion
a Approximate target epitope sites for each anti-CD44 antibody (BRIC 222, BRIC 235, KZ1, IM7), highlighted and color coded. b Invasion efficiency of Plasmodium falciparum strain 3D7 in presence of anti-CD44 monoclonal antibodies relative to an isotype control (BRIC 170). The parasitemia was measured ~21 h post-infection, and normalized to isotype control. Each dot represents one biological replicate (N = 3 biological replicates (individual donors) for all conditions except for IM7 dilutions where N = 4; n = 3 technical replicates for each condition). Error bars indicate SEM. Statistical analysis: Kruskal-Wallis with FDR correction; * p ≤ 0.05, ** p ≤ 0.01, *** p ≤ 0.001. c Invasion efficiency of P. falciparum strain 3D7 in the presence of the indicated antibodies. The parasitemia was measured ~21 h post-infection, and normalized to an infection with no antibody (No Ab). Each dot represents one biological replicate (N = 3 biological replicates; n = 3 technical replicates). Error bars indicate SEM. Statistical analysis: One-way ANOVA with FDR correction; ** p ≤ 0.01, *** p ≤ 0.001, **** p ≤ 0.0001. d–f Invasion efficiency of P. falciparum strains W2mef (d), D10 (e), and 7G8 (f) in the presence of the indicated antibodies, relative to no antibody (No Ab). Antibody concentration at 100 is 25 µg/ml for all except the BRIC 222 F(ab) used in W2mef assay (34 µg/ml). The parasitemia was measured ~21 h post-infection. Each dot represents one biological replicate (N = 2 biological replicates; n = 3 technical replicates). Error bars indicate SEM. Statistical analysis: One-way ANOVA with FDR correction; * p = 0.0108 (e), 0.0219 (f), ** p = 0.0067. g Invasion efficiency of P. falciparum strain 3D7 in presence of 0.75 µM RII EBA-175, 25 µg/ml BRIC 222, or vehicle control, relative to no additive. Each dot represents one biological replicate (N = 4 biological replicates; n = 3 technical replicates). Error bars represent SEM. Statistical analysis: One-way ANOVA with FDR correction; * p = 0.0126, *** p = 0.0003, ns: non-significant. Source data are provided as a source data file.
