Fig. 3: Structural variations in the tea plant genomes.

a Distribution of five SV types (CNV copy number variation, INS insertion, DEL deletion, INV inversion, TRANS translocation) across tea plant genomes, with colors indicating population membership (CT, CSA, CSS, CSP). b SV distribution across 15 chromosomes in 26 genomes. c Proportion of hemizygous genes in each haplotype, with green representing CSA accessions and yellow representing CSS accessions. d Percentage overlap between PAVs and different genomic regions across 26 genomes. e Intersection of upregulated differentially expressed genes between CSA vs CT (the ratio of CSA to CT) and CSS vs CT (the ratio of CSS to CT), highlighting genes with deletion variants in promoter regions based on transcriptome analysis. f KEGG enrichment of genes identified in (e), statistical significance (−log10(p-value)) calculated using hypergeometric test (one-tailed). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.