Fig. 2: Structure design of the CSPM.

a Schematic illustration of CSPM composite of PWF sensor and ultrasound sensor, which measures local pulse wave velocity (PWV) and diameter change of the same segment of artery for BP monitoring. b Two types of flexible PWF sensors: press mode using a belt or motor and self-adhesion mode using its own adhesive force. c Stain distribution of press mode and self-adhesion mode PWF sensors by finite element analyses (sensing part size: 1 mm × 4 mm), showing that the self-adhesion mode PWF sensor has larger stain than the press mode PWF sensor under the same load. d Working principle of ultrasound sensor including emitting ultrasound wave (up) and receiving ultrasound wave (down). e Optical image of ultrasound sensor. f Optical image of PWF sensor. g Optical image of CSPM attached on human skin. h Optical image of CSPM under twisting demonstrating the mechanical compliance and robustness of the device.