Fig. 3: Effects of the amount of protected area on taxon richness.
From: Current protected areas provide limited benefits for European river biodiversity
Relationship between increasing the amount of protected area (PA) cover and the rate of temporal change in richness for only sites with PAs at the a 1-km, b 10-km, c 100-km, and d full upstream scales. Lines show the best-fit relationships, with shaded areas as 95% confidence intervals, based on generalized additive mixed models. Line and shading color illustrate how relationships depend on initial ecological quality (as the initial Ecological Quality Ratio, EQR) using examples of 0.2 (red), 0.4 (orange), 0.6 (light blue), and 0.8 (dark blue), which respectively indicate higher to lower human impacts.
