Fig. 5: Nanoreactor Gaussian surface effect induced molecular adsorption–desorption equilibrium.
a Yield and b intermediate (HMFCA) reaction kinetics plots of photothermal nanoreactors with different curvatures. c Apparent activation energy (EA) of HMF oxidation in photothermal nanoreactors with different curvatures. d Calculation of the difference between the number of molecules adsorbed and desorbed under different curvature photothermal nanoreactors based on theoretical equations. e The number of intermediates and their (f) desorption time in photothermal nanoreactors with different curvatures. g Arrhenius plots of HMF oxidation in photothermal nanoreactors with different curvatures. h Three-dimensional relationship and i difference between C value, T versus molecular adsorption/desorption strength. j Simulation of enrichment densities of intermediates at adsorption and desorption strength in photothermal nanoreactors with different curvatures. k Equilibrium effect of adsorption and desorption in Gaussian curvature nanoreactors by simulation. Yellow and blue particles represent intermediates and target products, respectively. The arrow direction indicates the desorption pathway of the intermediate. Reaction conditions: 50 mg of catalyst, 50 mg of HMF, 20 mL of acetonitrile as solvent, atmospheric pressure, O2, 10 h.
