Fig. 4: Characterizations of fast switching and durable n-PBDF-based deep black ECD. | Nature Communications

Fig. 4: Characterizations of fast switching and durable n-PBDF-based deep black ECD.

From: Robust fast-switching black electrochromic windows based on solution-processed n-doped transparent organic conductor

Fig. 4

a Schematic of n-PBDF-based black electrochromic devices (ECD), incorporating a mesoporous ITO nanoparticle layer as an ion-storage layer. Solid-state electrolyte layer is photo-crosslinked between the facing two electrodes during the ECD assembly. b Spectroelectrochemical analysis of black ECDs fabricated with two different film thicknesses (inset: photo images of ECD showing a deep black coloration with a 290 nm n-PBDF working electrode, scale bar: 8 mm). c 3D plot of CIE L*a*b* coordinate distribution of black ECDs based on 90 and 290 nm n-PBDF films (depicted with plane projections of a* and b*). Investigation of d kinetic switching speeds and electrochemical cycling stability for a 90 nm n-PBDF black ECD, including changes in optical contrast, and e coloration and bleaching efficiency at λ = 750 nm, reflecting 95% optical contrast. Similar investigation for a 290 nm n-PBDF deep black ECD, focusing on f switching speed and the cycling stability, including changes in optical contrast, with g coloration and bleaching efficiency measured at λ = 550 nm.

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