Fig. 1: Principal and schematic of the ultralight solid-state single-photon light detection and ranging (SS-SPL).
From: Super-dense point clouds acquired by an ultralight 10 g solid-state single photon LiDAR
a Simplified ranging principle. b Schematic of Lissajous trajectory generated by beam scanning of a 2D micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) mirror. c The large receiving aperture of 13.17 mm2 comprises the large diameter 2D MEMS mirror and the freeform mirror. The transmitter (TX) unit comprises a single Q-switching semiconductor laser and small optics. The receiver (RX) unit includes the silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs), isolation transfers (~55 V on the input side, less than 1.0 V on the output side), and differential amplifiers (a part of the complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) chip). The four channels of the two-step time-to-digital converter in the CMOS chip are connected to the individual differential amplifiers. The field-programmable gate array (FPGA) is not included in the module. d Laser chip and CMOS driver are die-bonded on the small half cavity package with a volume of 0.033 cc (5.5 mm × 4.0 mm × 1.5 mm). e Ultralight module comprises TX on the left side, along with RX and time-to-digital converter (TDC) on the right side. The module comprises resin, resulting in a package volume of 11.7 cc (25 mm × 26 mm × 18 mm) and weight 9.97 g.
