Fig. 2: Theoretical predictions of the impacts of the climatic properties on assemblage thermal traits.
From: Warmer environments harbor greater thermal trait diversity in moth assemblages
a Effects of mean ambient temperature, showing a positive relationship with mean ambient temperature (Tmean) and carrying capacity of the environment, representing the favorability hypothesis. b Frequency distribution of thermal tolerance range (TTrange) comparing high (22 °C) and low (14 °C) Tmean. c Mean and standard deviation (SD) of TTrange in relation to mean ambient temperature. d Effects of short-term variability, defined as temperature variation that lasts for only a short period of time, represent the short-term variability hypothesis. e Frequency distribution of TTrange comparing high (5 °C) and low (0 °C) short-term variability. f Mean and SD of TTrange in relation to short-term variability. g Effects of long-term variability, defined as temperature variation that lasts for a long period of time, representing the climatic variability hypothesis. h Frequency distribution of TTrange comparing high (5 °C) and low (0 °C) long-term variability. i Mean and SD of TTrange in relation to long-term variability. Within a, d, g, the panel on the top-left corner shows the 95% quantile contours of critical thermal limits in three assemblages at low (1st, blue), middle (6tht, purple), and high (11tht, red) levels. In a, c, d, f, g, i, solid lines indicate significant relationships, dashed lines indicate insignificant relationships, and shaded areas represent the 95% confidence interval for the fitted regression line. Lastly, short-term variability is 2.5 and long-term is 0 in (a–c), Tmean is 18 and long-term variability is 2.5 in (d–f), Tmean is 18 and short-term variability is 2.5 in (g–i). For detailed results of linear regression models, see Supplementary Table 3.
