Fig. 2: Material characterization of COFs.

A Experimental, Pawley-refined, and simulated PXRD patterns of TP-BT-0F-COF, with insets of the ideal eclipsed structure (top and side views, Rp: unweighted-profile and Rwp: weighted-profile); B FT-IR spectra, with arrows indicating the characteristic bands of the β-ketoenamine and imine linkages and dashed red boxes highlighting the spectral features associated with the BT moiety, C UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectra and D schematic energy band structures of TP-BT-0F-COF, BTA-BT-0F-COF, TP-BT-1F-COF, TP-BT-2F-COF, and TP-SB-COF; E SEM and F HRTEM images of TP-BT-0F-COF. The high-magnification TEM image (an inset in F) corresponds to the local region denoted by the blue box.