Table 2 Infections and Vaccination history before T10 and T11 timepoints

From: Primary SARS-CoV-2 exposure by vaccination or infection shapes immune responses to omicron variants among a Spanish cohort

 

T10

T11

 

First-infected (n = 197)

First-vaccinated (n = 160)

p-value

First-infected (n = 197)

First-vaccinated (n = 160)

p-valuea

Number of previous exposures,b mean (SD)

4.50 (1.00)

4.31 (0.66)

0.034

4.70 (1.06)

4.44 (0.77)

0.012

Number of previous exposures,b n (%)

  

<0.001

  

0.001

3

33 (16.8)

13 (8.1)

 

25 (12.7)

12 (7.5)

 

4

68 (34.5)

90 (56.2)

 

63 (32.0)

80 (50.0)

 

5

64 (32.5)

52 (32.5)

 

66 (33.5)

53 (33.1)

 

6

29 (14.7)

5 (3.1)

 

34 (17.3)

15 (9.4)

 

7

2 (1.0)

0 (0.0)

 

8 (4.1)

0 (0.0)

 

8

1 (0.5)

0 (0.0)

 

1 (0.5)

0 (0.0)

 

Infections

Number of previous infections,c mean (SD)

1.95 (0.69)

1.33 (0.52)

<0.001

2.04 (0.71)

1.38 (0.56)

<0.001

Number of previous infections,c n (%)

  

<0.001

  

<0.001

1

49 (24.9)

111 (69.4)

 

41 (20.8)

105 (65.6)

 

2

110 (55.8)

45 (28.1)

 

111 (56.3)

49 (30.6)

 

3

36 (18.3)

4 (2.5)

 

41 (20.8)

6 (3.8)

 

4

2 (1.0)

0 (0.0)

 

4 (2.0)

0 (0.0)

 

Type of first infection,c n (%)

  

<0.001

  

<0.001

Wuhan

193 (98.0)

0 (0.0)

 

193 (98.0)

0 (0.0)

 

Alpha

4 (2.0)

13 (8.1)

 

4 (2.0)

13 (8.1)

 

Delta

0 (0.0)

26 (16.2)

 

0 (0.0)

26 (16.2)

 

Omicron BA.1

0 (0.0)

42 (26.2)

 

0 (0.0)

42 (26.2)

 

Omicron BA.2

0 (0.0)

27 (16.9)

 

0 (0.0)

27 (16.9)

 

Omicron BA.4/5

0 (0.0)

32 (20.0)

 

0 (0.0)

32 (20.0)

 

Omicron BQ.1

0 (0.0)

19 (11.9)

 

0 (0.0)

19 (11.9)

 

Omicron XBB.1

0 (0.0)

1 (0.6)

 

0 (0.0)

1 (0.6)

 

Number of previous Wuhan infections,c n (%)

  

<0.001

  

<0.001

0

4 (2.0)

160 (100.0)

 

4 (2.0)

160 (100.0)

 

1

187 (94.9)

0 (0.0)

 

187 (94.9)

0 (0.0)

 

2

6 (3.0)

0 (0.0)

 

6 (3.0)

0 (0.0)

 

Number of previous Alpha infections,c n (%)

  

0.665

  

0.665

0

180 (91.4)

147 (91.9)

 

180 (91.4)

147 (91.9)

 

1

16 (8.1)

13 (8.1)

 

16 (8.1)

13 (8.1)

 

2

1 (0.5)

0 (0.0)

 

1 (0.5)

0 (0.0)

 

Number of previous Delta infections,c n (%)

  

0.12

  

0.12

0

175 (88.8)

132 (82.5)

 

175 (88.8)

132 (82.5)

 

1

21 (10.7)

28 (17.5)

 

21 (10.7)

28 (17.5)

 

2

1 (0.5)

0 (0.0)

 

1 (0.5)

0 (0.0)

 

Number of previous Omicrons infections,c n (%)

  

<0.001

  

<0.001

0

69 (35.0)

16 (10.0)

 

58 (29.4)

15 (9.4)

 

1

111 (56.3)

116 (72.5)

 

116 (58.9)

110 (68.8)

 

2

17 (8.6)

28 (17.5)

 

23 (11.7)

35 (21.9)

 

Vaccines

Number of previous vaccines, mean (SD)

2.55 (0.82)

2.98 (0.55)

<0.001

2.65 (0.89)

3.06 (0.62)

<0.001

Number of previous vaccines, n (%)

  

<0.001

  

<0.001

1

23 (11.7)

0 (0.0)

 

22 (11.2)

0 (0.0)

 

2

61 (31.0)

26 (16.2)

 

57 (28.9)

26 (16.2)

 

3

95 (48.2)

112 (70.0)

 

85 (43.1)

98 (61.3)

 

4

18 (9.1)

22 (13.8)

 

33 (16.8)

36 (22.5)

 

Type of first vaccine

  

0.01

  

0.01

Pfizer (BNT162b2)

186 (94.4)

160 (100.0)

 

186 (94.4)

160 (100.0)

 

Moderna (mRNA-1273)

5 (2.5)

0 (0.0)

 

5 (2.5)

0 (0.0)

 

Astrazeneca (ChAdOx1)

6 (3.0)

0 (0.0)

 

6 (3.0)

0 (0.0)

 

Number of previous Pfizer

  

<0.001

  

<0.001

0

9 (4.6)

0 (0.0)

 

6 (3.0)

0 (0.0)

 

1

39 (19.8)

0 (0.0)

 

38 (19.3)

0 (0.0)

 

2

91 (46.2)

86 (53.8)

 

90 (45.7)

79 (49.4)

 

3

48 (24.4)

65 (40.6)

 

46 (23.4)

66 (41.2)

 

4

10 (5.1)

9 (5.6)

 

17 (8.6)

15 (9.4)

 

Number of previous Moderna

  

0.608

  

0.602

0

111 (56.3)

87 (54.4)

 

110 (55.8)

86 (53.8)

 

1

85 (43.1)

73 (45.6)

 

86 (43.7)

74 (46.2)

 

2

1 (0.5)

0 (0.0)

 

1 (0.5)

0 (0.0)

 

Number of previous Adeno-virus vaccines±

  

0.055

  

0.036

0

190 (96.4)

160 (100.0)

 

189 (95.9)

160 (100.0)

 

1

4 (2.0)

0 (0.0)

 

5 (2.5)

0 (0.0)

 

2

3 (1.5)

0 (0.0)

 

3 (1.5)

0 (0.0)

 

Previous bivalent vaccine, n (%)

1 (0.5)

3 (1.9)

0.475

17 (8.6)

13 (8.1)

>0.99

Times

Days from closest exposure, median [IQR]

189 [44, 319]

153 [21, 224]

0.005

227 [165, 379]

211 [162, 382]

0.514

Days from closest infection, median [IQR]

222 [140, 695]

184 [110, 295]

<0.001

357 [183, 548]

326 [173, 404]

<0.001

Days from closest vaccine dose, median [IQR]

340 [303, 356]

347 [331, 360]

0.114

504 [293, 533]

514 [339, 530]

0.437

  1. aThe p-values were estimated from Chi-square tests with Yates’s correction for categorical variables, from independent T tests for all continuous variables except for the three times, which were compared with Mann–Whitney tests. All tests were two-sided.
  2. bIncludes vaccine doses, symptomatic and asymptomatic infections.
  3. cIncludes symptomatic and asymptomatic infections. ± Includes one Janssen and other are all Astrazeneca.
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