Fig. 3: Connections between climatic factors, response timelines, and GLOF activity.
From: High frequency of moraine-dammed lake outburst floods driven by global warming
a, b Correlations between global GLOF frequency during 1940–2020 and interannual variations in temperature and precipitation at multiple spatial scales and lag intervals. c, d Spatial relationships between regional GLOF activity and glacial lake expansion (1990–2020), as well as ice-rock avalanches (1900–2019), derived using a Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) model. Local coefficients indicate the extent of the positive influence to which lake expansion or avalanches contribute to GLOF activity at each observation point. For instance, a local coefficient of 1.5 signifies that, in a given area, a one-unit increase in the explanatory variable corresponds to a 1.5-fold increase in GLOF activity. Map source: Natural Earth (public domain).
