Fig. 1: Development and characterization of anti-CVA6 neutralizing MAbs.

a Isotype and neutralization activity of MAbs 1F4 and 3H7. Neutralization concentration was defined as the lowest antibody concentration fully preventing cytopathic effect. Neutralization IC₅₀ values were derived from cell viability assays (b, c). b, c Neutralization potency of the MAbs against CVA6 strains 141 and HeB. Dose-response curves of the MAbs against CVA6-141 (b) and CVA6-HeB (c) were quantified via cell viability assays. An anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody served as negative control (Ctr). Data represent mean ± SEM of four replicate wells in 96-well cell culture plates. Conc., concentration. d Binding of the MAbs to purified CVA6-HeB virions analyzed by ELISA. Data are expressed as mean ± SD from triplicate wells. e Binding kinetic analysis of the MAbs to immobilized CVA6-HeB virions by biolayer interferometry (BLI). Association and dissociation steps are divided by dotted red line. Sensorgrams show responses at serial MAb concentrations (nM range labeled). Equilibrium dissociation constants (KD) were calculated by Octet Data Analysis software. f Therapeutic efficacy of MAbs 1F4 and 3H7 against CVA6-HeB and CVA6-S0087b lethal infections in mice. Suckling mice received PBS, MAb 1F4 or 3H7 (10 μg/g) 24 hours post-infection with CVA6-HeB or CVA6-S0087b. Survival curves comparing antibody-treated groups with PBS controls are shown. Statistical significance was determined by the Log-rank (Mantel–Cox) test. ****, p < 0.0001. The number of mice in each group is shown in parentheses. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.