Fig. 1: Challenges and solutions in manufacturing low-tortuosity thick electrodes.
The schematics of a conventional thin electrode, b high-tortuosity thick electrode, and c low-tortuosity thick electrodes with through-holes. d The relationship between specific energy density and active material thickness in Li | |LFP batteries. Calculations can be found in Supplementary Note 1. e The Ragone plot of laser-structured LiFePO4 (LFP) electrodes and unstructured LFP electrodes. The numbers refer to the areal mass loading, while ‘U’ and ‘L’ stand for unstructured electrode and laser-structured electrode, and ‘Gain’ refers to the increase in specific power and specific energy at the same areal mass loading. f The schematic diagram of the laser processing system with frequency/time domain shaping techniques.
