Table 2 Outcomes of ovarian stimulation and characteristics of embryo transfer

From: Zishen Yutai Pill increased live births in advanced maternal age women: a randomized clinical trial

Characteristics

ZYP group (n = 734)

Placebo group (n = 733)

Protocol

 Long protocol

518 (70.6)

507 (69.2)

 Antagonist protocol

193 (26.3)

199 (27.1)

 Days of ovarian stimulation, days, median (IQR range)

11 (9–13)

11 (9–13)

 Gonadotropin dose, IU, median (IQR range) a

1575.00 (656.25–2612.50)

1500.00 (515.63–2475.00)

 Estradiol on hCG trigger day, pmol/L, median (IQR range)

8826.35 (5794.93–13990.04)

9446.58 (5449.95–14441.45)

 Progesterone on hCG trigger day, µg/L, median (IQR range)

0.70 (0.48–1.05)

0.70 (0.45–1.04)

 Luteinizing hormone on hCG trigger day, IU/L, median (IQR range)

1.70 (1.05–2.64)

1.55 (1.04–2.59)

 Endometrial thickness on hCG trigger day, mm, median (IQR range)

11.00 (9.50–12.80)

11.00 (9.25–12.80)

Outcomes

 Number of oocytes retrieved, no., median (IQR range)

9 (5, 13)

9 (6, 13)

 Number of cleavage, no., median (IQR range)

7 (4, 10)

6 (4, 10)

 Number of 2PN fertilization, no., median (IQR range)

6 (3, 9)

6 (3, 9)

 Number of available embryos, no., median (IQR range)

4 (2, 5)

3 (2, 5)

 Number of high-quality embryos, no., median (IQR range)

2 (0, 4)

2 (0, 4)

Method of fertilizationb

 IVF

324 (76.8)

318 (77.2)

 ICSI

75 (17.8)

63 (15.3)

 IVF + ICSI c

23 (5.5)

31 (7.5)

Number of embryos transferred b

 1

148 (35.1)

158 (38.3)

 2

270 (64.0)

253 (61.4)

 3

4 (0.9)

1 (0.2)

The day of embryo-transfer b

 D2

5 (1.2)

2 (0.5)

 D3

319 (75.6)

320 (77.7)

 D4

2 (0.5)

4 (1.0)

 D5

96 (22.7)

86 (20.9)

  1. Categorical variables were summarized with frequencies and percentages. Normally distributed variables were presented as means and standard deviation (SD), non-normally distributed variables were presented as medians and interquartile ranges (IQR). ZYP Zishen Yutai Pill; IQR, interquartile; SD standard deviation; hCG human chorionic gonadotropin; IVF in vitro fertilization; ICSI intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI).
  2. aGonadotrophin dose refered to the total dose during ovarian stimulation.
  3. bDenominators were participants who underwent embryo transfer, 422 in the ZYP group and 412 in the placebo group.
  4. c“IVF + ICSI” refers to both “IVF” and “ICSI” were applied during fertilization. The combination of IVF and ICSI was used for patients at risk of low or no fertilization with conventional IVF to mitigate this risk. This included women with unexplained infertility for 7 years or longer, as well as those whose husbands had a history of significant fluctuations in sperm concentration or motility.