Fig. 6: Single nucleus RNAseq reveals upregulation of genes involved in oxidative stress and inflammation by TMEM120A KO in adipocytes.

A mRNA levels of Tmem120a in adipose tissues of WT and TMEM120A AKO mice. n = 6. B Volcano plot of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in adipocytes between TMEM120A AKO and WT mice. Male mice at 20 weeks of age were used for this experiment. Dashed lines indicate an adjusted p value = 0.05 and |log₂ fold change | = 0.25. Genes (dots) are colored by associated pathways. C, D Selected upregulated and downregulated pathways in adipocytes of TMEM120A AKO mice compared to WT. E Violin plots showing peroxisome biogenesis and β-oxidation scores in adipocytes across conditions (WT, n = 7,264; AKO, n = 2,127 nuclei). F Enrichment plots for three representative pathways upregulated in macrophages of TMEM120A AKO mice compared to WT. Each plot shows the enrichment score (green line), the positions of genes in the ranked list (black ticks), and the maximum enrichment score (horizontal red dashed line). Normalized enrichment score (NES) and adjusted p value (p.adj) are indicated in each panel. G Violin plot showing pathway activity scores in macrophages across conditions (WT, n = 868; AKO, n = 69 nuclei). H Dot plot showing pathways enriched in TMEM120A AKO compared to WT mice for each cell type. The size of each dot represents the adjusted p value (p.adj), and the color indicates the NES. Only pathways with adjusted p value < 0.05 are shown. I mRNA levels of genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation, reactive oxygen species, lipid metabolism, and insulin sensitivity. n = 4. J Tissue weights of WT and TMEM120A AKO mice. n = 6. K Body composition analysis of WT and TMEM120A AKO mice. WT: n = 5; AKO: n = 4. L Intraperitoneal-glucose tolerance test (IP- GTT) of WT and TMEM120A AKO mice. n = 6. Data are presented as mean values  ±  SEM. Each point represents a biological replicate. p values were determined by an unpaired two-sided Student’s t-test (A, E, G, I–L).