Table 2 Description of study population and prevalence of potential risk factors

From: Individual and population-level risk factors for new HIV infections among adults in Eastern and Southern Africa

	Men								Women
	15-24				25-49				15-24				25-49
	N	PY	S	M	N	PY	S	M	N	PY	S	M	N	PY	S	M
Total	28937	75613	541		19042	71769	763		31924	77223	1843		30702	124535	1470
Study name
Karonga (Malawi)	2886	5718	8		2584	6168	26		3290	6322	26		3577	8737	41
Kisesa (Tanzania)	2409	6642	18		1723	7940	58		2396	5411	38		3057	14968	109
Manicaland (Zimbabwe)	1599	4861	17		1788	6454	88		1725	4546	56		3108	12433	138
Masaka (Uganda)	3038	8649	12		2061	9418	61		3608	8915	45		2748	13354	79
Rakai (Uganda)	4519	11451	59		4097	18683	157		5240	11912	132		5210	24901	203
uMkhanyakude (South Africa)	8552	23505	390		2952	10950	300		9604	26832	1469		5670	24870	717
Kisumu (Kenya)	5762	14452	36		3580	11602	70		5773	12772	70		6547	23679	170
Ifakara (Tanzania)	172	335	1		257	554	3		288	513	7		785	1593	13
Education
No formal education	121	245	3		314	1071	13		208	429	6		1067	3639	36
Primary	10807	23412	136		6822	25496	222		10821	20787	290		11830	46926	359
Secondary	6453	14006	61		4522	13735	144		7187	14830	182		5021	17145	197
Tertiary	238	358	4		837	3054	25		329	455	4		750	2831	18
Unknown	14975	37592	337		7544	28414	357		16580	40723	1361		13498	53995	861
Moved house in the last year
No	28502	70633	497		18610	66960	698		31279	70674	1688		30081	117691	1336
Yes	5798	4979	44		5085	4811	65		7787	6549	156		7407	6845	135
Calendar year (grouped)
2005-08	13008	23091	207		10016	22111	285		14401	24160	742		15705	36775	472
2009-12	17612	29980	207		13679	29131	307		18730	30093	635		23010	50135	580
2013-16	12708	22541	127		9485	20527	170		13675	22970	467		16085	37626	419
Partner acquisition rate among peers
		36748		39.1		51922		24.1		38579		15.6		72675		6.3
Partner loss rate among peers
		36748		22.1		51922		26.4		38579		5.6		72675		4.2
Partner acquisition rate in potential opposite sex partners
		34445		16.5		51922		8.1		38579		42.0		72432		18.9
Partner loss rate in potential opposite sex partners
		34445		5.9		51922		4.5		38579		27.9		72341		27.0
Current marital status
Never married	26246	67959	461		6115	16953	325		22743	54557	1556		5400	18195	604
Currently married	2386	3157	27		12117	42123	313		7912	14870	113		19855	71196	444
Formerly married	586	885	6		3689	10423	88		2020	3197	35		7614	23063	244
Ever married*	23	22	0		447	1194	13		488	792	12		2524	10195	121
Not known	5418	3588	46		511	1077	24		5402	3807	127		915	1888	56
Number of partners in the last year
No partners	12661	15327	102		1868	1994	17		11231	13205	302		4123	5133	58
1 partner	6870	7540	78		8747	12153	133		11630	14232	541		17612	29369	376
2 partners	1948	1778	25		2995	3604	45		467	364	21		558	527	16
3+ partners	996	865	10		1392	1523	26		73	58	2		106	93	2
Don’t know	26045	50102	327		17991	52496	541		28818	49363	979		29208	89413	1019
Had more than one partner in the last year
No	17191	22996	181		10415	14374	151		20539	27607	843		20979	34943	438
Yes	2754	2643	34		3900	5127	71		535	423	22		649	620	18
Don’t know	26032	49973	325		17988	52269	540		28803	49194	978		29200	88973	1015
Had a casual partner in the last year
No	13985	17998	167		7867	10092	121		15900	20481	733		14862	21664	323
Yes	2602	2563	35		2143	2623	44		2196	2143	98		2055	2634	43
Don’t know	26535	55051	339		18347	59055	597		29296	54599	1012		29642	100237	1104
Had a regular partner in the last year
No	12532	15225	132		7074	9151	74		13835	15833	421		13433	18953	174
Yes	4660	5336	70		2932	3565	91		5430	6791	410		3709	5346	193
Don’t know	26535	55051	339		18347	59055	597		29296	54599	1012		29642	100237	1104
Age difference(s) with partners in the last year
within 5 years of age	5744	6307	69		4738	5226	74		6013	6491	274		7467	9512	152
5+ years difference	911	758	8		3589	3877	46		3195	3094	125		5565	6132	78
10+ years difference	65	51	0		2109	2375	22		989	872	36		3309	3643	39
Age unknown	1335	1284	24		1063	987	15		1560	1490	86		2417	2631	63
No partner	12574	15192	101		1514	1671	15		11065	13037	295		3661	4657	51
No data	26157	52020	339		18233	57635	590		28995	52241	1028		29539	97960	1088
Prevalence of untreated infection in potential opposite sex partners
		146487		4.8		142049		11.7		152593		5.5		246731		11.0
Had a new partner in the last year
No new partners	14220	17919	163		8910	11506	143		16799	20946	672		16569	23601	320
New partner(s)	5170	5253	61		2950	2878	53		3110	2708	149		1641	1430	51
No data	26317	52440	317		18207	57387	566		29183	53569	1023		29629	99505	1100
Coital frequency with all partners in the last year
Zero	132	99	0		254	183	2		191	142	2		726	681	6
< 1/week	456	364	0		640	482	3		473	345	3		1273	959	11
1+ times/week	599	481	2		2220	2151	22		1174	838	8		3922	3748	33
No data	28900	74668	538		18962	68954	735		31868	75897	1832		30590	119148	1422
Is circumcised (men only)
Not	5387	12921	72		2341	7777	58
Circumcised	4819	10704	18		3760	13074	85
no information	21236	51987	451		14182	50920	619		31924	77224	1844		30701	124536	1471
Condoms used consistently with all partners in the last year
No partners	15608	17627	111		4097	3754	38		14543	15734	328		8549	8715	100
No condom use	4967	4885	64		8480	10979	120		7215	7207	237		14960	20724	206
Some condom use	3874	4314	61		3054	3567	74		4524	5099	311		3520	4012	152
Consistent use	852	893	5		352	364	4		583	569	9		398	530	4
Insuffucient data	935	774	5		1694	1380	9		957	733	3		2334	1816	13
Not asked	25864	47119	295		18004	51726	516		28658	47882	955		29268	88740	997
Ended a partnership in the last year
No	15562	21373	209		10010	14732	193		17950	23868	818		18258	28739	400
Yes	2416	2247	21		1983	1956	31		1061	877	41		926	839	21
Don’t know	26275	51991	311		18092	55083	538		29090	52478	984		29385	94958	1050

Mean across imputations of: numbers of people (N), person years (PY) and seroconversions (S), by sex and age, in each study and in the pooled dataset, for each categorical risk factor and means (M) for continuous variables. The table includes only data which contributed to the survival analysis.
Numbers of people (N), person-years of follow up (PY) and seroconversions (S) observed in the incidence cohort by sex and age between 2005-16 among 15-49 year olds from all studies. NB. For some variables, the number of individuals sums to more than the total number in the incidence cohort because an individual may feature in more than one category during the period of follow up. Some small fluctuations in the total numbers across the different risk factors (e.g., plus or minus one seroconversion) arises due to rounding differences when taking the mean across imputations. *In one survey, respondents were asked only whether they had ever been married and not for their current marital status.

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Table 2 Description of study population and prevalence of potential risk factors

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