Fig. 4: Resistance (x) and resilience (y) of honey bee food resources under various climate change scenarios combining increased temperature and decreased precipitation.
From: Honey bee food resources under threat from climate change
The plot shows the density distribution of sample resistance (the proportion of taxa not at risk at a given location and time) and sample resilience (the ability to compensate for losses in taxa at risk with other plant taxa). Each density plot aggregates n = 2 500 independent values. The lower right quadrant highlights high resistance, with many taxa unaffected. The upper right quadrant represents high resistance and high resilience, where many taxa remain unaffected, and losses are effectively compensated. The upper left quadrant reflects low resistance but high resilience, suggesting significant plant turnover that mitigates resource scarcity. The lower left quadrant indicates low resistance and low resilience, signalling severe stress on resources available for honey bees. Density is represented by colour, with lighter colours indicating higher sample density in the distribution. The various climate change scenarios highlight the profound impact of rising temperatures combined with decreasing precipitation on the ecosystem’s ability to sustain a diverse array of honey bee plant resources. More detailed scenarios with finer-scaled increments in temperature and precipitation changes are shown in the Supplementary Fig. 8.
