Fig. 4: Catalytic oxidation of CO at reduced temperature.

a CO oxidation of PSC Nb2O5 monoliths decorated with different contents of Pt clusters. b Long-term stability experiments with PSC Nb2O5 monoliths decorated with 3.35 wt% at 110 °C. c Surface oxygen exchange coefficients of PSC Nb2O5 monoliths with different Pt loading contents. d, e In situ FTIR of CO oxidation with air using PSC Nb2O5 monoliths decorated with 3.35 wt% Pt cluster. f XPS of PSC Nb2O5 monoliths decorated with 3.35 wt% Pt cluster. g EPR of PSC Nb2O5 monoliths decorated with different loading contents of Pt cluster. h Activation energies of CO oxidation by using PSC Nb2O5 monoliths decorated with different loading contents of Pt cluster. i The potential energy diagram of CO oxidation including surface intermediates and transition states.