Fig. 2: Multiscale morphological and crystallographic characterization of the polymeric thin film. | Nature Communications

Fig. 2: Multiscale morphological and crystallographic characterization of the polymeric thin film.

From: Subnanoporous hydrophobic thin films for ultrahigh-efficiency seawater and brines desalination using membrane distillation

Fig. 2: Multiscale morphological and crystallographic characterization of the polymeric thin film.The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.

a Atomic force microscopy (AFM) 2D image (scan area 5 × 5 µm) for TF0.1–1 transferred to the substrate; Scale bar = 1 μm. b Cross-sectional scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of polymeric thin film TF0.1–1 supported on a ∼60-µm-thick substrate; Scale bar = 20 μm. Effect of reaction time of c 0.5, d 1, e 2, and f 3 min on the cross-sectional morphology of the fabricated thin films prepared with an m-phenylenediamine (MPD) concentration of 3 wt./vol% and an 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorododecyltrichlorosilane (FTCS) concentration of 0.1 wt./vol%. Scale bar = 1 μm. g and h 3D AFM height image and height or thickness profile of a free-standing thin film transferred to a silicon wafer; Scale bar = 2 μm. i Wedge-corrected GI-WAXS images of the TF0.1–1 thin film, showing grazing incidence data along the out-of-plane component (Q⊥) versus the in-plane component (Q||). j One-dimensional scattering patterns and GI-WAXS images of the thin films (TF0.1–1, TF0.2–1, and TF0.3–1), In-plane scattering profile (Q | |), representing reciprocal space parallel to the thin surface.

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