Fig. 5: Cycling tests under more practical conditions.
a, b Initial charge/discharge profiles (a) and the long-term cycling performance (b) of the Li-In | LPSCl-LZACO | scNCM92 cell with the specific currents of 800 mA g–1 (4 C) for charge and 66 mA g–1 (0.33 C) for discharge at 25 °C. The potential vs. Li/Li+ is calculated by adding the cell voltage and the potential of the Li-In alloy anode, i.e., 0.62 V vs. Li/Li+. As schematically illustrated in the inset of (b), this cell was tested in the mold. The stacking pressure during cycling is 190 MPa. ηCoulomb represents the Coulombic efficiency. c, d Photographs of the composite-positive-electrode sheet for the Li | LPSCl-LZACO | scNCM92 pouch cell. e Charge and discharge profiles of the Li | LPSCl-LZACO | scNCM92 pouch cell at 30 °C. Since the anode of this cell is Li metal, the potential vs. Li/Li+ equals to the cell voltage. The stacking pressure during cycling is 10 MPa.
