Fig. 2: The angiosperm pollen morphospace.
From: Pulsed evolution shaped extant angiosperm pollen disparity
a Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) morphospace of 1880 angiosperm genera based on 20 discrete pollen characters. b Disparity (sum of variances) from 1000 bootstraps of the fourteen angiosperm groups using NMDS and PCoA ordinations. Original sample sizes for each group were: ANA (n = 12), CHLO (n = 4), MAG (n = 12), MONO (n = 215), EUD (n = 1601); OthM (n = 114), COMM (n = 101), OthE (n = 193), OtSR (n = 30), FAB (n = 687), MAV (n = 173), OtSA (n = 195), CAM (n = 142), LAM (n = 181). Boxplots show the median, interquartile range, and 1.5 × IQR whiskers; outliers are shown as points. c Angiosperm pollen morphospace (tips in red; reconstructed internal nodes in blue) shown against 10,000 points in a theoretical morphospace (grey). ANA, ANA grade; CHLO, Chloranthales; MAG, magnoliids; MONO, monocots; EUD, eudicots; COMM, commelinids; CAM, campanulids; FAB, fabids; LAM, lamiids; MAV, malvids; OthE, other eudicots; OthM, other monocots; OtSA, other superasterids; OtSR, other superrosids. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
