Fig. 3: Endovascular injury-activated MSCs exhibit heightened immunoregulatory features.

a–i Analysis of the scRNAseq datasets of D0, D2 and D7 groups presented in Fig. 1. a Chord diagram visualization of the frequency of interactions between the 11 cell populations. b Total numbers of the identified ligand-receptor interactions between the 11 cell populations. c Heat map showing the ligand-receptor interaction numbers between each pair of the 11 cell populations using CellChat. d UMAP visualization of the MSC subpopulations (MSC1 and MSC2). e Pseudotime analysis clarifying the developmental trajectory of the MSCs. f UMAP visualization of individual MSC subsets in the indicated groups. g Signaling pathways enriched in MSC2 cluster using GO_BP. h UMAP plot showing Pdpn gene expression in MSCs. i Violin plot showing the expression of Pdpn gene in the 2 MSC subsets. j Representative images of the flow cytometry analysis of PDPN expression in arterial PDGFRβ + cells at D0 and D7. k gMFI of PDPN in MSCs from the indicated groups. n = 6 mice per group. l Relative frequencies (%) of PDPN+ MSCs in the indicated groups. n = 5 mice per group. m PDGFRβ + PDPN + MSCs were retrieved from femoral arteries of 8-week-old male mice at D0 and D7 for bulk RNA sequencing (Bulk RNA-seq) analysis. Each sample was pooled cells from n = 5 mice. n PCA plot of the bulk RNA-seq datasets. o Signaling pathways enriched in the MSCs from the indicated groups, analyzed using GSEA and ranked by NES. Data are all shown as the mean ± s.e.m. ***p < 0.001 by unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test (k,l). Source data and statistic information are provided as a Source data file. Figure 3a,c,m were created in BioRender. Shan, B. (2025) https://BioRender.com/x16x8wd.