Fig. 1: Levels of mRNA and circulating GDF15 of human NSCLC cachexia.

A List of non-cachexia NSCLC lines with wild-type STK11/LKB1 and cachexia NSCLC lines with mutant STK11/LKB1 from which tumors and serum have been obtained from previous work when lines were xenotransplanted in vivo1. B–H Tumors were harvested, pooled and subjected to quantitative RT-PCR for human GDF15 (B, E) and mouse (C, H) Gdf15 mRNA normalized to β-actin. Serum was subjected to the human (D–F) or mouse (G, H) GDF15 ELISA as described in Methods. Data are shown as mean ± SEM (B–D, G) or as a scatter plot (E, F, H) or relative to the average non-cachexia cohort (B, C, E, H) or the actual measurements (D, F, G). P was calculated based on unpaired 2-tailed t test (B and C) or 1-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s multiple-comparison test (D and G), or from linear regression of GDF15 mRNA levels with serum GDF15 level (E, F, H). n.s. not significant. 6 replicates for each point except n = 4 for H411, n = 3 for HCC15, n = 3 for H1944, n = 5 for H1573. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.