Fig. 4: Stabilisome-associated vertical redistribution of bloom-forming algae (HBFA) under thermal stress. | Nature Communications

Fig. 4: Stabilisome-associated vertical redistribution of bloom-forming algae (HBFA) under thermal stress.

From: Climate extremes intensify global lake eutrophication by increasing the stress resistance of harmful bloom-forming algae

Fig. 4: Stabilisome-associated vertical redistribution of bloom-forming algae (HBFA) under thermal stress.

a Schematic diagram of the experimental column system used to examine vertical redistribution of algal cells under controlled temperature conditions. Algal suspensions were incubated in a cylindrical column placed within a temperature-controlled water bath, and samples were collected from the upper, middle, and bottom layers at designated time points. b Changes in algal cell density at different vertical positions (upper, middle, and bottom layers) over settling time (0–2 h) for Microcystis aeruginosa, Raphidiopsis raciborskii, Dolichospermum flos-aquae, and Aphanizomenon flos-aquae under 25 °C and 40 °C conditions. Data are means of biological replicates (n = 5 independent experimental columns per treatment; experimental unit = column).

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