Fig. 3: Inhibition of DPP4 reduces the increase of IL1R2 caused by respiratory influenza virus infection.

a–h Maternal lungs and deciduas were collected at embryonic day 12.5 (E12.5) for analysis. a GO analysis of differentially expressed genes in lungs infected with either saline (n = 3) or H1N1 (n = 3), or treated with sitagliptin (n = 3). b Sankey dot plot analysis for pathway enrichment of differentially expressed genes in lungs infected with either saline (n = 3) or H1N1 (n = 3), or treated with sitagliptin (n = 3). c qPCR analysis of Il1r2 and Il1rn in lungs infected with either saline (n = 4) or H1N1 (n = 4). d Proteomic analysis of differentially expressed proteins in deciduas infected with either saline (n = 2) or H1N1 (n = 3). e ELISA analysis of IL1R2 expression in deciduas infected with either saline (n = 4) or H1N1 (n = 5). f Representative images of immunofluorescence staining of IL1R2 in decidua sections infected with either saline or H1N1; scale bar, 50 μm. MLAp, mesometrial lymphocytes associated with pregnancy; DB, decidua basalis. g qPCR analysis of Il1r2, Il1b and Il1rn in lungs infected with either saline (n = 6) or H1N1 alone (n = 6), or treated with sitagliptin (n = 6). h Representative images of immunofluorescence staining of IL1R2 in lung sections infected with either saline or H1N1 alone, or treated with sitagliptin. scale bar, 20 μm. Results are representative of two or three independent experiments. All bars in the graphs represent the mean ± s.e.m. Statistical significance of pathway enrichment (a, b) was determined by the hypergeometric test (one-sided), with P values adjusted for multiple comparisons using the false discovery rate (FDR) method. Statistical comparisons were performed using a two-tailed unpaired Student’s t test (c, e) and one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons test (g). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.