Fig. 1: The tin-vacancy color center and its optical control.

a Energy level manifold of the SnV with and without an applied magnetic field. b Example of population inversion dynamics from ground to excited states, for orbital (\(\left|1\right\rangle \to \left|3\right\rangle\)) and spin states (\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}(|1,\downarrow \rangle+|1,\uparrow \rangle )\to \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}(|3,\downarrow \rangle+|3,\uparrow \rangle )\)), using resonant or SUPER schemes. c Simplified experimental pulse carving setup. The spectral bands of a broadband pulse are dispersed spatially with the help of a diffraction grating and reflected onto a spatial light modulator (SLM). By defining slits on the pixels of the SLM, it is possible to change the polarization of the desired frequency bands. Undesired frequencies are filtered out at the output with the help of a polarizer. Using the pulse carver it is possible to engineer pulses with different spectral shapes from a broad bandwidth Gaussian pulse. In this work, we use three configurations: (i) a resonant single narrowband pulse, (ii) resonant semi-broadband quadrilateral-like femtosecond pulse, (iii) nonresonant two-color detuned Gaussian narrowband pulse to implement the SUPER scheme. The real pulse spectra employed in the experiment are presented in the Supplementary Fig. 3.