Fig. 4: Hunger- and infection-induced SRI-36 expression in ADF requires intestinal AAK-2/AMPK and PMK-2/p38 MAPK pathways.

a, c Diacetyl-evoked GCaMP6 responses in ADF neurons of worms with the indicated genotypes and conditions. Left, averaged GCaMP6 signals (solid lines, mean; shaded regions, SEM). Right, comparisons of mean responses during the 30-s stimulation period. Intestine-specific expression and RNAi were performed using Pges-1. The systemic RNAi-defective sid-1(qt9) background was used to abolish dsRNA spreading and validate tissue specificity. p = 1, <0.0001, 0.3912, <0.0001, <0.0001, <0.0001, <0.0001, and 0.9025 (a), and 0.9979, <0.0001, <0.0001, <0.0001, 0, <0.0001, <0.0001, 1, <0.0001, <0.0001, 1, 0, 0, and <0.0001 (c). b Nuclear localization of DAF-16a/b::GFP in fasted or P. aeruginosa-infected worms with the indicated genotypes. Top, representative images. Bottom: comparisons of the percentage of GFP-labeled IEC nuclei per animal. WT wild type. Scale bar, 50 μm. p = 1, <0.0001, <0.0001, <0.0001, <0.0001, 0.9635, and 0.9635. Psri-36::GFP expression in fasted (d) or P. aeruginosa-infected (f) worms with the indicated genotypes. Shown are representative images and comparisons of fluorescence intensity. ADF neurons were labeled with Psrh-142::NLS::mCherry. AU arbitrary units. Scale bars, 20 μm. p = 0.9985, 0, 0, 0, and 0 (d), and 0.5826, <0.0001, <0.0001, and <0.0001 (f). Escape percentages of fasted (e) or P. aeruginosa-infected (g) worms with the indicated genotypes. p = 0.9807, 0.0013, <0.0001, 0.0001, 0.0008, <0.0001, and <0.0001 (e), and 0.9962, <0.0001, 0, 0, <0.0001, and <0.0001 (g). **p < 0.01 and ***p < 0.001 (one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test). Brackets indicate the number of animals tested (a–d, f) or independent assays (e, g). Data are shown as means ± SEM. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.