Abstract
Dissipative solitons and their frequency combs hold great potential for applications in optical communications, spectroscopy, precision time-keeping and beyond. Recent demonstrations based on the combination of second-harmonic generation and degenerate optical parametric oscillators (OPOs) show the interest in shifting soliton spectra away from the telecom’s C-band pump sources. However, these approaches lack the tunability offered by nondegenerate OPOs. This work presents a proof-of-principle demonstration of solitons in a nondegenerate OPO system based on a silicon-nitride microresonator, with engineered dispersion and optimised coupling rates. By pumping a relatively low-Q resonance in the C-band, we excite a signal soliton comb centred around a far-detuned, high-Q, O-band resonance, as well as repetition-rate-locked combs at the pump and idler frequencies, with the latter occurring at a wavelength beyond 2 μm. The solitons supported by this platform — hyperparametric solitons — are distinct from other families of dissipative solitons, as they emerge when the narrow-band signal mode, phase-matched under negative pump detuning, reaches sufficient power to drive bistability in the parametric signal. We investigate the properties of hyperparametric solitons, including their parametrically generated background and multisoliton states, both experimentally and through theoretical modelling.
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The raw data comprise high-volume measurements that require specialist processing and are not deposited in a public repository but can be made available from the corresponding authors upon request.
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by a joint project between Research Ireland (SFI Grant No. 23/EPSRC/3920) and the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC Grant No. EP/X040844/1). Other support was received from CONNECT Centre (Grant No. 13/RC/2077.P2), the Royal Society (Grant No. IES/R3/223225), and Leading Innovation and Entrepreneurship Teams of Zhejiang (Grant No. 2023R01011).
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H.W. performed the device design and measurements with the assistance from M.A., E.H.K., L.W., V.K., Q.W. and W.G. X.J. and T.J.K. fabricated the microresonators. D.V.S. developed theory and performed numerical simulations of OPO operation and solitons. H.W., J.F.D. and D.V.S. wrote the manuscript text. D.V.S. and J.F.D. conceptualised and supervised the project. All authors commented on the manuscript.
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Weng, H., Ji, X., Ali, M. et al. Hyperparametric solitons in nondegenerate optical parametric oscillators. Nat Commun (2026). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-70122-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-70122-x
