Fig. 5: Molecular pathway analysis and gene expression in response to REcN-F/Ca treatment.

a, b Circular chord diagram depicting the relationship between upregulated genes and associated GO terms (a) and KEGG pathways (b) in colon tissues after REcN-F/Ca treatment, highlighting the impact of REcN treatment on metabolic processes. c–l Relative gene expression levels of key enzymes in lipid metabolism, including Slc27a4 (c), Fabp1 (d), Fabp6 (e), Apoa1 (f), Apoa5 (g), Lpl (h), Ehhadh (i), Acaa1b (j), Acox2 (k), and Cpt1b (l). Data were obtained from independent samples (n = 6). Error bars represent the mean ± standard deviation, with exact p-values or significance level indicated as p < 0.0001 (****). A two-sample Student two-sided t test was utilized for the statistical analysis. m Schematic diagram of the PPAR signaling pathway, illustrating the potential role of REcN in modulating this pathway to influence lipid metabolism. Red indicates upregulated genes, proteins or pathways. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.