Fig. 3: Structural analysis and Electrostriction performance of terpolymers and terpolymer/PDs composite films with gradient distribution of all-trans conformations.
From: Biomimetic actuator crafted from a relaxor ferroelectric polymer nanocomposite
a FT-IR spectra of the upper and the lower surfaces for terpolymer-G and the terpolymer/PDs-G nanocomposite (cPDs = 0.5 wt%). b XRD patterns of the upper and the lower surfaces for terpolymer-G and the terpolymer/PDs-G nanocomposite (cPDs = 0.5 wt%). AFM-IR characterization of the polar phase distribution in (c) the terpolymer/PDs-G nanocomposite (cPDs = 0.5 wt%) and (d) terpolymer-G. Local IR spectra of the marked positions for (e) the terpolymer/PDs-G nanocomposite (cPDs = 0.5 wt%) and (f) terpolymer-G. HRTEM images of g the lower and i the upper layer of the terpolymer/PDs-G nanocomposite (cPDs = 0.5 wt%). Fast Fourier transform of the selected region in (h) g and (j) in i. k Actuation strain of terpolymer-G and the terpolymer/PDs-G nanocomposite (cPDs = 0.5 wt%) at 1 Hz unipolar field versus electric field. l Comparison of the electromechanical performance of various materials in terms of the maximum strain |Smax|. P(VDF-TrFE-CFE-FA), where FA denotes fluorinated alkyne20; P(VDF-TrFE-CTFE), where CTFE denotes chlorotrifluoroethylene29; irradiated P(VDF-TrFE)30; P(VDF-TrFE)/CuPc31; PZN-PT22; PZT32. The error bars correspond to the standard deviation of three independent measurements.
