Fig. 6: Comparison of cytokines, chemokines and other biomarkers secreted by WNV-infected human cerebral organoids depending on their morphology and course of infection.
From: A human cerebral organoid model of West Nile virus encephalitis shows innate immunocompetency
Screening of supernatants of WNV-infected human cerebral organoids for cytokines, chemokines and diverse biomarkers until 14 dpi using a bead-based LegendPlexTM assay. Organoids were subgrouped upon morphological identification of choroid plexus structures into choroid plexus (ChP) organoids, leaving all other regional identities that could not be identified by morphological features in the group without choroid plexus structures (Cer-organoid). Further subgrouping upon the course of WNV replication has Type A representing organoids with a peak in virus titer until 4 dpi, while Type B represents organoids with a later peak in virus titer until 14 dpi. Data are shown as Δ (infected – respective control) based on median absolute values. C-C motif chemokine 17 (CCL17). C-C motif chemokine 2 (CCL2). C-X3-C motif chemokine 1 (CX3CL1). C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10). Beta nerve growth factor (β-NGF). Brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF). Interleukin 1 receptor antagonist protein (IL-1RA). Interleukin 6 (IL-6). Interleukin 18 (IL-18). Soluble receptor for advanced glycosylation end products (sRAGE). Soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (sTREM-1). Soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (sTREM-2). Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Visinin-like protein 1 (VILIP-1). Cer-organoids control: n = 12–16 per time point. ChP-organoids control: n = 11–15 per time point. Type A Cer-organoids: n = 5–7 per time point. Type B Cer-organoids: n = 7–9 per time point. Type A ChP-organoids: n = 6–10 per time point. Type B ChP-organoids: n = 6 per time point. Source data are provided as a Source Data file. Exact sample sizes are provided in Source Data file.
