Fig. 4: Passivation performance and large area uniformity of TOPCon solar cells.
a \({\tau }_{{{\mathrm{eff}}}}\) of high-PCE and low-PCE cells corresponding to the preparation of two-sided SiOX/poly-Si(n+) symmetric samples on n-Si 1–3 Ω cm two-sided polished substrates. \({\tau }_{{{\mathrm{eff}}}}\) is 8.90 ms for high-PCE cell samples and 2.96 ms for low-PCE cell samples for a carrier injection level of 5 × 1015 cm−3. b J0 of high-PCE and low-PCE cells calculated from the relationship of the injected concentration and the J0 calculated from the relationship between \({\tau }_{{{\mathrm{eff}}}}\). c, d PL of the high-PCE and low-PCE cells, the PL of the high-PCE cell is stronger and has fewer surface defects. Scale bars, 10 mm. e, f Voc scans of the high-PCE and low-PCE cells, the high-PCE cell has higher Voc homogeneity. g I–V curves measured by a Suns-Voc method and h contact resistivity of two types of solar cells measured by TLM.
