Fig. 1: Overview of sequencing approach and implementation across sub-Saharan Africa.

a The laboratory protocol uses P. falciparum positive dried-blood spots (DBS) as source material for DNA extraction. From extracted DNA to sequencing takes ~5 h. b Data analysis occurs in real-time on a laptop. While sequencing is ongoing, quality control (QC) and variant calling results are displayed on an interactive dashboard. GPU graphics processor unit. Sequencing time depends on flow cell quality and the number of samples. c DBS samples were processed from 8 countries across sub-Saharan Africa. For six countries, all sequencing occurred locally (filled circles); for two countries, samples were sequenced internationally (Mali, Ethiopia; open circles). d Timeline of sequencing runs. Size of the point indicates the number of samples per run. Total sequencing runs for each country are shown in a box at right. e Barplot displaying the total number of samples sequenced per country. Overall, 1065/1404 (75.8%) of samples were processed in Africa. Source data are provided as a Source Data File.