Table 1 Characteristics of 1252 BHS participants

From: Epigenetic age acceleration and midlife cognition: joint evidence from observational study and Mendelian randomization

 

Participants, no. (%)

  

Black

White

Characteristic

Overall

Female (n = 272)

Male (n = 161)

Female (n = 468)

Male (n = 351)

Age, mean (SD), y

48.2 (5.2)

47.7 (5.4)

47.4 (5.9)

48.1 (5.1)

48.9 (4.9)

≤12 years (high school)

633 (50.7)

164 (60.5)

115 (71.9)

183 (39.1)

171 (48.9)

Vocabulary score, mean (SD)

26.6 (9.9)

20.3 (7.9)

20.1 (7.9)

0.4 (9.4)

29.1 (9.1)

Depression

131 (10.5)

30 (11.0)

13 (8.1)

61 (13.0)

27 (7.7)

Smoking

 Never

637 (50.9)

159 (58.5)

55 (34.2)

250 (53.4)

173 (49.3)

 Former

371 (29.6)

68 (25.0)

50 (31.1)

139 (29.7)

114 (32.5)

 Current

244 (19.5)

45 (16.5)

56 (34.8)

79 (16.9)

64 (18.2)

Drinking

 Never

153 (12.3)

60 (22.3)

19 (11.9)

58 (12.5)

16 (4.6)

 Former

394 (31.6)

80 (29.7)

49 (30.6)

149 (32.0)

116 (33.1)

 Current

698 (56.1)

129 (48.0)

92 (57.5)

258 (55.5)

219 (62.4)

BMI, mean (SD), kg/m2

31.4 (7.8)

34.7 (8.8)

31.2 (8.6)

30.21 (7.4)

30.58 (6.1)

SBP, mean (SD), mmHg

123.4 (16.9)

126.3 (21.2)

131.5 (15.7)

117.3 (14.5)

125.7 (13.9)

Glycated hemoglobin, mean (SD), mmol/mol

5.9 (1.2)

6.1 (1.4)

6.1 (1.4)

5.8 (1.1)

5.8 (1.0)

LDL cholesterol, mean (SD), mg/dl

114.8 (35.1)

112.9 (37.5)

109.4 (37.1)

115.8 (34.0)

117.4 (33.4)

White blood cell count, mean (SD), *1000/μL

6.5 (2.1)

6.3 (2.0)

6.2 (2.4)

6.6 (1.9)

6.7 (2.0)

Hypertension medication

144 (11.5)

41 (15.1)

19 (11.8)

52 (11.1)

32 (9.1)

Diabetes medication

437 (34.9)

141 (51.8)

63 (39.1)

128 (27.4)

105 (29.9)

EAA

 IEAA, mean (SD), y

0 (3.9)

−0.4 (4.3)

0.8 (4.3)

−0.3 (3.7)

0.3 (3.7)

 HannumAA, mean (SD), y

0 (3.9)

−1.1 (4.0)

0.5 (4.3)

−0.4 (3.7)

1.1 (3.6)

 GrimAA, mean (SD), y

0 (4.9)

0.2 (4.3)

3.2 (4.9)

−1.5 (4.7)

0.4 (4.7)

 PhenoAA, mean (SD), y

0 (5.5)

0.7 (6.0)

1.1 (6.3)

−0.6 (5.4)

−0.3 (4.8)

  1. Missing covariates: vocabulary score (N = 17), education (N = 3), drinking (N = 7), LDL-cholesterol (N = 40), HbA1c (N = 9), white blood cell count (N = 24).
  2. BMI body mass index, EAA epigenetic age acceleration, IEAA intrinsic EAA, LDL low-density lipoprotein, SBP systolic blood pressure, SD standard deviation.
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