Table 2 Significant associations between EAA and cognitive domains in middle-aged BHS participants

From: Epigenetic age acceleration and midlife cognition: joint evidence from observational study and Mendelian randomization

Cognitive Domain

EAA

Group

Model 1a

Model 2a

Model 3a

β (95% CI)

P

Linear P

β (95% CI)

P

Linear P

β (95% CI)

P

Linear P

Attention &

HannumAA

Overallb

−0.078 (−0.125 to −0.031)

0.001c

 

−0.069 (−0.115 to −0.022)

0.004c

 

−0.049 (−0.097 to −0.001)

0.05

 

processing

 

tertile1

Ref

Ref

 

Ref

Ref

 

Ref

Ref

 

speed

 

tertile2

−0.046 (−0.159 to 0.066)

0.42

0.010

−0.04 (−0.152 to 0.071)

0.48

0.06

−0.006 (−0.119 to 0.108)

0.92

0.33

  

tertile3

−0.151 (−0.265 to −0.036)

0.01

 

−0.134 (−0.247 to −0.021)

0.02

 

−0.08 (−0.198 to 0.039)

0.19

 
 

PhenoAA

Overallb

−0.103 (−0.149 to −0.057)

<0.001c

 

−0.087 (−0.133 to −0.041)

<0.001c

 

−0.072 (−0.121 to −0.023)

0.004

 
  

tertile1

Ref

Ref

 

Ref

Ref

 

Ref

Ref

 
  

tertile2

−0.059 (−0.17 to 0.052)

0.30

<0.001c

−0.062 (−0.172 to 0.048)

0.27

0.002c

−0.05 (−0.164 to 0.064)

0.39

0.05

  

tertile3

−0.214 (−0.326 to −0.101)

<0.001c

 

−0.182 (−0.295 to −0.07)

0.001c

 

−0.14 (−0.261 to −0.018)

0.02

 
 

GrimAA

Overallb

−0.167 (−0.215 to −0.118)

<0.001c

 

−0.167 (−0.225 to −0.108)

<0.001c

 

−0.147 (−0.211 to −0.083)

<0.001c

 
  

tertile1

Ref

Ref

 

Ref

Ref

 

Ref

Ref

 
  

tertile2

−0.137 (−0.25 to −0.024)

0.02

<0.001c

−0.122 (−0.236 to −0.008)

0.04

<0.001c

−0.104 (−0.224 to 0.016)

0.09

<0.001c

  

tertile3

−0.348 (−0.466 to −0.230)

<0.001c

 

−0.324 (−0.465 to −0.182)

<0.001c

 

−0.277 (−0.429 to −0.124)

<0.001c

 

Global

GrimAA

Overallb

−0.086 (−0.128 to −0.044)

<0.001c

 

−0.092 (−0.143 to −0.041)

<0.001c

 

−0.095 (−0.151 to −0.039)

<0.001c

 

cognitive

 

tertile1

Ref

Ref

 

Ref

Ref

 

Ref

Ref

 

score

 

tertile2

−0.081 (−0.179 to 0.017)

0.11

<0.001c

−0.076 (−0.175 to 0.024)

0.14

0.001c

−0.094 (−0.199 to 0.010)

0.08

0.002c

  

tertile3

−0.191 (−0.294 to −0.089)

<0.001c

 

−0.201 (−0.325 to −0.077)

0.001c

 

−0.209 (−0.343 to −0.076)

0.002c

 
  1. This table only includes associations attained at least nominal significance consistently across all three models.
  2. CI confidence interval, EAA epigenetic age acceleration.
  3. aModel 1: age, gender, race, and achieved education; Model 2: Model 1+ smoking, alcohol drinking, and depression; Model 3: BMI, HbA1c, LDL-C, blood pressure, medications of diabetes, hypertension and lipid, and log-transformed white blood cell count.
  4. bOverall β is per 1 SD increase of EAA.
  5. cSignificant after Bonferroni correction.
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