Table 1 Participant characteristics

From: Dietary fatty acids and epigenetic aging in US adults: results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

 

All participants (N = 1771)

Males (N = 952)

Females (N = 819)

pa

Male, n (%)

952 (53.8%)

   

Age (years), mean (SD)

64.8 (9.3)

64.8 (9.2)

64.8 (9.4)

1.00

Race and ethnicity, n (%)

0.72

 Mexican American

493 (27.8%)

279 (29.3%)

214 (26.1%)

 

 Other Hispanic

100 (5.6%)

59 (6.2%)

41 (5.0%)

 

 Non-Hispanic White

754 (42.6%)

394 (41.4%)

360 (44.0%)

 

 Non-Hispanic Black

366 (20.7%)

194 (20.4%)

172 (21.0%)

 

 Other including Multiracial

58 (3.3%)

26 (2.7%)

32 (3.9%)

 

BMI (kg/m2), mean (SD)

28.9 (5.9)

28.3 (5.0)

29.6 (6.8)

0.006

Smoking status, n (%)

<0.001

 Never

780 (44.0%)

309 (32.5%)

471 (57.5%)

 

 Former

713 (40.3%)

478 (50.2%)

235 (28.7%)

 

 Current

278 (15.7%)

165 (17.3%)

113 (13.8%)

 

Alcohol intake, drinks/day, mean (SD)

0.4 (0.9)

0.5 (1.1)

0.2 (0.6)

<0.001

Education, n (%)

 Less Than High School

728 (41.1%)

404 (42.4%)

324 (39.6%)

0.009

 High School Diploma (including GED)

388 (21.9%)

176 (18.5%)

212 (25.9%)

 

 More Than High School

655 (37.0%)

372 (39.1%)

283 (34.6%)

 

Occupation, n (%)

<0.001

 Blue-collar and semi-routine

704 (39.8%)

383 (40.2%)

321 (39.2%)

 

 Blue-collar and high skill

250 (14.1%)

213 (22.4%)

37 (4.5%)

 

 White-collar and semi-routine

323 (18.2%)

86 (9.0%)

237 (28.9%)

 

 White-collar and professional

452 (25.5%)

251 (26.4%)

201 (24.5%)

 

 No work as described

42 (2.4%)

19 (2.0%)

23 (2.8%)

 

PIR, mean (SD)

2.7 (1.6)

2.8 (1.6)

2.6 (1.6)

0.06

Energy (kcal), mean (SD)

1860 (764)

2090 (822)

1600 (589)

<0.001

Total fatty acids (g), mean (SD)

69.2 (37.3)

78.1 (41.0)

58.9 (29.3)

<0.001

 Percent of total energy, mean (SD)

32.9 (9.3)

33.0 (9.2)

32.8 (93.2)

0.91

Saturated fatty acids (g), mean (SD)

21.8 (13.3)

24.6 (14.7)

18.6 (10.5)

<0.001

 Percent of total energy, mean (SD)

10.3 (3.9)

10.4 (3.8)

10.3 (3.9)

0.92

Monounsaturated fatty acids (g), mean (SD)

25.7 (15.0)

29.4 (16.6)

21.5 (11.6)

<0.001

 Percent of total energy, mean (SD)

12.1 (4.1)

12.4 (4.1)

11.9 (4.0)

0.07

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (g), mean (SD)

14.6 (9.3)

16.0 (10.1)

12.9 (7.92)

<0.001

 Percent of total energy, mean (SD)

7.0 (3.2)

6.8 (3.2)

7.2 (3.2)

0.08

Omega-6 (g), mean (SD)

13.0 (8.4)

14.3 (9.2)

11.6 (7.2)

<0.001

Omega-3 (g), mean (SD)

1.4 (1.0)

1.6 (1.1)

1.3 (0.9)

<0.001

Polyunsaturated:saturated (P:S) fatty acid ratio, mean (SD)

0.77 (0.45)

0.76 (0.45)

0.79 (0.45)

0.07

  1. ap-value for differences between male and female participants based on the Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test for continuous variables and the Chi-squared test for categorical variables.
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